👉 How to launch a vehicle sharing business in 6 steps
December 10, 2020
min. read
Millennials and younger generations tend to be reluctant to buy items. Instead, they prefer to have access to products via different sharing models. “25 years from now, car sharing will be the norm, and car ownership an anomaly,” says author and economist Jeremy Rifkin in the latest Goldman Sachs Global Investment Research.
What we experience in Atom Mobility - a vehacle sharing software platform that can be adjusted to any sharing model and type of vehicle - is that people of any age are willing to share vehicles they own. From cars to e-scooters and even forklifts. Moreover, people are willing to start their own businesses based on sharing.
This will be a practical guide for those who are seriously considering starting a sharing business. As this business niche isn’t new, a lot of people have suffered bumps during the launch process and have learned their lessons. Atom Mobility has collected them and created a practical guide highlighting what you should consider when you are considering entering the vehicle sharing business.
🛴 Choose the vehicle type and operation model
This seems like a simple decision, but it’s not. Currently, the most popular vehicles for sharing are bikes and e-bikes, scooters, e-mopeds and cars. If you already own a fleet, then the offering will be obvious. If not, you’ll have to start by calculating which vehicle type you can afford. Here is some meaningful insight into the difference between launching a vehicle sharing business with scooters, e-bikes, and mopeds. By the way, the brand is not important. The most important parameter that can later reduce maintenance costs is the quality of the IoT system fitted into the vehicle and, of course, the quality of the vehicle itself.
You will need a minimum of 50-100 vehicles to start your business. Accordingly, you can calculate the amount of the initial investment you require. Obviously, car sharing requires way more money than creating a bike fleet of 100 vehicles. However, leasing is also an option. In addition, you have to do the market research, because your success depends on demand - if there are already two or three companies in town offering e-scooters, you will have to invest a lot of money on marketing to persuade people to use your services instead those of your competitors. So you should probably consider choosing another type of vehicle to establish a point of difference and thus secure competitive advantage.
When you start to do your calculations, start with the vehicle price. From one perspective, this is the easiest part, but it is very important to calculate:
● How many rides should be taken with one vehicle during the day for it to be profitable? For example, take a look at this Shared Mobility Report from France. It might help you to get an impression of the demand and fragmentation of the market.
● What is the value of one ride? Bear in mind that the price per ride in a car is approximately three times higher than on a bike, but so are the expenditures.
● What is the structure of your costs? You have to insure every vehicle. Taxes have to be paid and vehicles have got to be inspected from time to time. Are all these positions included in your cost estimate? By the way, this is a great resource with an Excel table showing how market leaders estimate their income and expenses.
The next decision to make regards the sharing model. Currently, there are several on the market that have demonstrated proven value:
● Charging stations - there are charging stations all over the city. When the ride ends, the vehicle is left at a charging station and it is charged in readiness for the next time it is going to be used. Although this approach can create significant additional costs, it lowers everyday servicing costs.
● Free-floating vehicles - shared vehicles can be left wherever it is convenient for the customer. The city council may not be happy with it as this model sometimes clutters up the streets. So you should definitely check out whether there are any existing regulations in this regard before you launch this model.
● B2B or corporate vehicle sharing - the company owns the fleet that can be used by their employees. This is quite a secure way to run your business, but you will need to sell it to other SMEs which is not an easy task and requires significant sales resources and expertise.
● P2P sharing - anyone can register a vehicle on the platform, which can be rented by any other user. This may seem easy, but it is actually quite complicated, because the owner is putting his property on the platform which he wants to get back in the same condition as it was before. As a sharing service provider, how can you guarantee that the vehicle won’t be broken? You should run background check on users, as well as have insurance in case anything happens.
You can also read more about different operational models here.
🏢 Check the city regulations
In recent years both the demand and offering for ridesharing have grown to such an extent that cities have been forced to regulate this business sector. If you are planning to operate within city limits, you’ll definitely have to check out the relevant legislation.
Regulations may be in place that have been set by the City Council. So the first thing to find out is - is vehicle sharing allowed at all? In cities with high vehicle ridesharing service and density, the city council might organize tenders to identify which companies can provide the most appropriate ridesharing service. Other requirements for companies might also apply, so you should monitor this situation carefully.
As far as density is concerned, there’s no point in creating a new ridesharing business if the vehicle density is already more than 700 shared vehicles per 100,000 people. If the ratio is one shared vehicle per 100 - 140 people, very careful calculations should be done as it could signal that the market is overcrowded so demand might be low.
💰 Consider all costs
Every business plan starts with an Excel sheet. As always, it is not possible to predict all costs but you can sneak peek into existing companies and take a look at their cost structure. You should take the following items into account:
● Maintenance costs - every vehicle now and then will have to be repaired.
● Vehicle purchase and depreciation costs - you need to know after how many kilometres you are going to have to replace your existing vehicle with a new one.
● Charging costs – you will need a team to take care of vehicle charging. Of course, costs will differ depending on the ridesharing model, but there are going to be charging costs in some shape or form.
● Bank commissions and payment transaction costs - even if you haven’t used credit to buy vehicles, your bank will still charge you commission for its services. If you use Stripe, Adyen, or a similar payment operator, you should take into account additional costs for every transaction.
● Marketing - it is vital to go loud upon launch so that everyone notices the new company in town. This requires a sizable marketing budget. If you decide to use promo codes, free rides, and other bonuses to attract new customers, this will reduce your profit margin on a certain amount of rides.
● Customer support - customers always have questions, which they will ask via Messenger, phone or any other platform. You have to have a team in place that can provide answers right away.
● IT system support - it is crucial that the service is up and running all the time. And there are a lot of different parts involved starting from software to IoT systems and data.
● Additional costs - always leave space for unplanned costs. The industry average is approximately 3 - 5% per ride.
At this point, you are ready to start to talk to manufacturers, haggle about prices, and ask them to send you a vehicle for a test. You should not forget to discuss the prices and delivery policy of spare parts, in order to avoid unplanned downtime.
🤑 Financing options
If you already own a company and see ridesharing as an additional direction in the development of your business, then most likely you will be ready to invest in its launch. If not, and you are planning to start a new company, the first thing to consider is how can you launch a test? The idea of a vehicle sharing business alone will not be enough to attract investors or convince banks to give you a loan. You will always have to prove that this business can really take you somewhere in this particular place. And a successful test with a small number of vehicles could be good proof.
You could consider crowdfunding as an option if you want to get some seed capital. Consider choosing the most popular platforms like Spark Crowdfunding, Seedrs, Fuderbeam, or Crowdcube. They are so interested in your success that they will also put their effort into marketing your campaign on their channels. This is your opportunity to make some savings on your marketing expenditures, which will definitely benefit you later on.
🛵 Plan fleet management
So far so good. You have a plan and a budget, so what’s next? Now you have to put your fleet management system on paper:
● Maintenance and charging - at the end of each day you are going to have to check the condition of every vehicle. Does it need to be charged? Is everything working smoothly or do some details need to be changed? This everyday care usually “eats” 30 - 40% of overall costs.
● Spare parts - you should be ready to spend about 10% of the total value of the vehicle on spare parts. In addition, you should have a proper warehouse. Losing 30% of the fleet for three months due to a spare parts’ shortage is a nightmare for any business.
● People on the streets - your company will require two employees per 100 vehicles to inspect and collect them. So estimate their salaries. Remember that these people won’t have regular working hours. They might charge you overtime for work at night. And another thing to consider is how they are going to get about the city. If the vehicle is broken, how are they going to be able to take it to be serviced?
● Customer support - no matter how mature the market is - your customers will always have questions. Who’s going to answer them? Remember that customer reviews create a rating that builds the further success of the company.
As the ridesharing business is becoming more popular, you should probably consider outsourcing the vehicle service. There are new companies on the market that focus on servicing vehicle sharing platforms.
📈 Build your marketing strategy
Marketing starts with the brand. You have to decide whether you’re going to hire a marketing agency or work with the designers and marketers yourself. Either way, you will need a brand name, logo, web page, and corporate colours.
Our experience shows that the success of the launch event is a bridge to the future success of the vehicle sharing company. So it is really worth focusing your attention on the big bang at the beginning. It is crucial to get as many downloads during the first days of the operation as possible. Even if not everyone uses your service straight away, you will have a database of potential customers with whom you can work, for example, by sending push notifications - consider using Intercom or Mailchimp for this.
Oftentimes collaboration with influencers is a good channel to use. And local media are interested in vehicle sharing businesses entering the city. But never forget social media - it is the most appropriate channel for marketing, as well as quick responses to customer requests.
Now sit back, relax and enjoy your amazing results… 😆 No, the vehicle sharing business doesn’t work that way. During the first month you will have to put a lot of your effort and the effort of the whole team into adapting your initial plan to real life. The first season is usually full of experiments and failures, but the most rewarding part of this business is the opportunity to scale.
👍 ATOM Mobility is here to help you with all the challenges you will face. ATOM Mobility provides reliable and proven white label technology helping entrepreneurs to focus on marketing and operations. Now serving customers in over 15 countries worldwide. Check what our customers are saying: Story of Ride, Story of Qick, Story of GOON
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The hidden costs of running a shared mobility business
🚲 The biggest costs in shared mobility are often the ones riders never see. Behind every trip is a constant cycle of fleet balancing, maintenance, charging, customer support, and compliance. As fleets grow, these operational costs can have a bigger impact on profitability than the vehicles themselves. This article explores the hidden costs that shape every shared mobility business.
June 17, 2026
min. read
Shared mobility often looks simple from the outside. A user opens an app, unlocks a vehicle, completes a trip, and moves on with their day. But not everybody knows that the system behind every ride is a bit more complex and can be quite expensive. For many operators, the biggest expenses are not always the most obvious ones.
As shared mobility continues to grow across Europe, operators face increasing pressure to improve efficiency while maintaining service quality. According to the latest European Shared Mobility Index, shared mobility services generated more than 700 million trips across Europe in 2025, reflecting continued demand for alternative transportation options. At the same time, profitability remains one of the industry's biggest challenges.
Across more than 300 shared mobility projects worldwide, one pattern appears consistently: operators often underestimate operational costs during launch planning while focusing primarily on fleet acquisition, permits, and launch activities. The largest challenges often emerge later through day-to-day operations, where downtime, fleet balancing, maintenance, customer support, and compliance costs gradually impact profitability.
Downtime costs more than most operators expect
Every shared vehicle is an asset that only generates revenue when it is available to users. A scooter waiting for repairs, a bike with a flat tire, or a car that has not been inspected after damage generates no revenue at all. For example, a scooter generating an average of two rides per day at €3 per ride produces roughly €2,200 in annual revenue. If recurring maintenance issues keep that vehicle unavailable for two weeks each quarter, the shared mobility operator could lose more than €250 in annual revenue from that vehicle alone. Across hundreds or thousands of vehicles, downtime quickly becomes a significant operational cost.
Yet the costs continue to build up – insurance, depreciation, financing, storage, and operational overhead do not stop simply because a vehicle is unavailable.
This becomes particularly noticeable as fleets grow. A single inactive vehicle may not seem significant but hundreds of inactive vehicles spread across multiple cities quickly become a major financial problem.
That is why many operators invest heavily in fleet visibility and operational tools. Platforms such as ATOM Mobility's vehicle sharing software help operators monitor vehicle status in real time and identify issues before they affect large parts of the fleet.
Fleet balancing becomes a business of its own
One of the least visible costs in shared mobility is fleet redistribution. Users naturally travel between different parts of a city. Over time, vehicles begin clustering in some areas while disappearing from others. The result is familiar to most operators – too many vehicles where demand is low and not enough where demand is highest. Solving this problem requires people, vehicles, planning, and technology. Large operators often maintain dedicated teams responsible for things like fleet redistribution, battery swapping, charging operations, station monitoring and demand forecasting.
Academic studies of bike-sharing systems consistently identify balancing and redistribution as some of the biggest operational challenges because they directly affect both utilisation and customer satisfaction. When users cannot find a vehicle nearby, they often choose another transport option instead. It’s even more difficult during big events, tourist seasons, weather changes, and rush hours when demand patterns shift rapidly.
Charging operations can become a major expense
For operators managing electric scooters, bikes, and mopeds, battery charging creates another layer of operational complexity. Vehicles must be collected, charged, swapped, and returned to high-demand locations. Labour, logistics, warehouse space, charging infrastructure, and electricity costs all contribute to the overall cost of fleet operations.
As fleets grow, charging efficiency becomes increasingly important. Poor battery management can increase downtime, reduce vehicle availability, and create unnecessary operational costs. For operators managing thousands of electric vehicles, charging and battery-swapping operations can require dedicated teams, warehouses, charging infrastructure, and specialised software to coordinate daily tasks efficiently.
Small maintenance issues rarely stay small
Most vehicle problems start as minor issues but then become a bigger problem. A slightly damaged brake, a worn tire, a loose component, or a battery performing below normal levels may not immediately remove a vehicle from service. Left unresolved, however, these issues often become larger repairs that require more time, more money, and more operational effort.
For this reason, maintenance is no longer viewed as a reactive task by many successful operators. Instead, it is becoming an ongoing operational process supported by automation, diagnostics, and task management systems. So it’s important to identify problems before users do.
Many operators are moving toward more structured maintenance workflows, similar to the approaches discussed in ATOM Mobility's fleet management automation insights.
Customer support grows with every vehicle added
Customer support is often not thought enough about during launch planning. Founders typically focus on vehicles, apps, and pricing. Few spend enough time calculating the operational cost of helping users when things go wrong.
Support requests usually involve payment issues, failed unlock attempts, damaged vehicles, parking questions, account verification, trip disputes and other day to day problems. A fleet generating 100,000 monthly rides may receive hundreds or even thousands of support requests related to payments, parking violations, damaged vehicles, or account verification.
The cost of poor support is often higher than the cost of support itself because unresolved issues directly affect retention and reviews.
Regulation creates costs that did not exist five years ago
The shared mobility industry has grown significantly. A decade ago, many cities welcomed operators with relatively few requirements. Today, most cities expect detailed reporting, parking compliance, safety measures, accessibility standards, and operational transparency.
Operators increasingly need to invest in:
- reporting systems
- compliance processes
- city partnerships
- parking management
- operational monitoring
These requirements create additional costs, but they are quickly becoming part of doing business in the sector. At the same time, cities are becoming more selective about which operators receive permits and long-term partnerships, making operational quality an increasingly important competitive advantage.
The strongest operators focus on efficiency, not just growth
Hidden costs rarely appear in business plans or launch announcements. They emerge gradually through downtime, maintenance, balancing, customer support, charging operations, and compliance requirements. Individually, each cost may seem manageable. Together, they often determine whether a mobility business becomes profitable.
Shared mobility businesses often talk about fleet size, market expansion, and trip volume. The operators that build sustainable businesses tend to focus on a different set of metrics, including vehicle utilisation, downtime, maintenance efficiency, and operational automation. Growth still matters, but it becomes expensive quickly when operational control is lacking.
Across the shared mobility industry, operational excellence is increasingly becoming a stronger competitive advantage than fleet size alone.
How technology helps control hidden operational costs
Many of the hidden costs discussed in this article can be reduced through better operational visibility and automation. Modern mobility management platforms help operators monitor fleet health, detect issues before they lead to downtime, automate maintenance workflows, prioritise field operations, optimise redistribution using real-time demand data, coordinate charging and battery-swapping activities, automate refunds for unsuccessful rides, and generate compliance reports with no manual effort.
At ATOM Mobility, we've seen these challenges across more than 300 shared mobility projects worldwide. While every market is different, operators that invest in operational efficiency early are often better positioned to achieve sustainable growth and profitability.
Blog
Why station-based bike sharing is coming back: research and real-life examples of successful businesses
🚲 While dockless scooters and e-bikes often seems to be the popular choice, many of Europe's most popular shared mobility programs are station-based bike-sharing networks. Systems like Vélib' in Paris, Bicing in Barcelona, and BikeMi in Milan continue to grow by combining predictable parking, strong integration with public transport, and increasingly popular e-bike fleets. What these programs have in common, how they operate at scale, and why many cities continue investing in station-based bike sharing?
June 11, 2026
min. read
During 2019-2025, most of the attention in shared mobility went to dockless scooters. They were quick to deploy, highly visible, and seemed like the future of urban transport. But while many scooter operators expanded, consolidated, or exited markets, station-based bike-sharing systems quietly continued growing.
According to the 2025 European Shared Mobility Index, public bike-sharing schemes generated around 238 million trips in Europe, while private bike-sharing operators recorded another 124 million trips. Together, bike-sharing services accounted for more than 360 million annual rides out of more than 700 million rides (the other half was generated by free-floating scooters). While the industry spent years experimenting with different models, station-based bike sharing remained remarkably resilient. In many cities, it has become part of everyday transport infrastructure rather than simply another mobility service.
The bike-sharing market is becoming more structured
One of the clearest themes from the latest index is that the market is becoming more disciplined. Operators are no longer chasing every possible market. Instead, they are focusing on locations where shared mobility can operate sustainably over the long term. Cities are becoming more selective too, favouring systems that fit into wider transport networks rather than uncontrolled fleet expansion.
This shift has created favourable conditions for station-based bike-sharing systems. Unlike dockless fleets, station-based programs offer more predictable parking, easier fleet management, and stronger integration with public transport. These advantages become increasingly important as cities focus more on accessibility, compliance, and long-term mobility planning.
What do Europe's largest station-based systems have in common?
The strongest argument for station-based bike sharing is the performance of some of the world's largest programs.
Vélib' (Paris)
Paris' Vélib' remains one of the most successful bike-sharing systems in Europe. The network combines thousands of regular bicycles and e-bikes across an extensive station network that covers much of the city. Vélib' generated approximately 48.5 million trips in 2025, making it the highest-ridership public bike-sharing system in Europe.
What makes Vélib' particularly interesting is that, for many Parisians, it has become part of their daily commute alongside buses, metros, and trains. That level of adoption only happens when riders know they can reliably find and return bikes where they need them.
Bicing (Barcelona)
Barcelona's Bicing demonstrates how station-based systems can scale with city support and careful planning. The system combines regular bicycles and e-bikes and has become deeply integrated into the city's transport ecosystem. Bicing recently surpassed 100 million total rides, making it one of the most successful public bike-sharing programs globally. Barcelona is becoming a fascinating mobility case study: shared scooters were banned, private dockless bike-sharing is being phased out, while the city continues expanding the public Bicing network. A clear signal that some cities are prioritizing station-based and publicly managed micromobility over free-floating models.
The success of Bicing also reflects a broader trend in Spain, where public bike-sharing systems continue receiving strong institutional support.
BikeMi (Milan)
BikeMi in Milan offers a slightly different model. Rather than focusing on rapid expansion, the system grew steadily through dense station placement, strong commuter adoption, and integration with public transport. Now BikeMi combines traditional bicycles and e-bikes, providing a reliable transport option for both residents and visitors. Its success highlights an important lesson for operators: long-term utilisation often matters more than rapid fleet growth.
Although Vélib', Bicing, and BikeMi differ in scale and geography, they share several common characteristics. All three prioritise station density, integration with city transport networks, and predictable rider experiences.
Electric bikes are changing the economics
One of the biggest developments in station-based bike sharing over the past few years has been the rapid growth of electric fleets. Public bike-sharing fleets are now approximately 48% electrified. More importantly for operators, electric bikes consistently generate more trips than traditional bicycles. Public systems average around 2.7 trips per vehicle per day, while some electric bike fleets achieve up to 4.6 trips per vehicle per day.
Higher utilisation means more revenue per vehicle, a faster return on investment, lower idle fleet costs, and stronger demand throughout the day. Electric bikes also make bike sharing accessible to a broader audience. Longer distances become practical, hills become less of a barrier, and riders who would not normally choose a bicycle are often willing to use an e-bike instead. This is one reason many newer station-based systems are launching with mixed fleets or even fully electric fleets from day one.
Why cities are backing station-based systems again
Across Europe, municipalities are placing greater emphasis on organised mobility systems that can be integrated into existing transport networks. The European Shared Mobility Index highlights several examples, including public support programs for bike-sharing subscriptions in Spain, continued investment in Barcelona's Bicing network, and London's decision to renew its Santander Cycles contract through a long-term investment programme.
For cities, the appeal is relatively clear. Station-based systems provide predictable parking, reduce street clutter, simplify accessibility planning, and make it easier to integrate bike sharing with buses, trains, and metro systems. As regulations become stricter and public space becomes more valuable, these advantages are becoming increasingly important.
Managing a growing station network
As fleets grow, operators need visibility into station occupancy, vehicle availability, charging status, maintenance workflows, payments, rider activity, and customer support. Managing these processes manually quickly becomes difficult, especially when systems expand across multiple districts or cities.
Many operators use platforms such as ATOM Mobility's bike-sharing software to manage stations, vehicles, rider applications, payments, maintenance, and operational workflows through a single system rather than relying on multiple disconnected tools. The largest station-based programs did not become successful simply because they deployed more bikes. They built operational processes capable of supporting growth over many years.
The growth of systems like Vélib', Bicing, and BikeMi suggests that station-based bike sharing has found its place in modern cities long-term. The focus now is less on expansion alone and more on operating reliable, efficient networks that riders can depend on every da
Check out the full 2025 European Shared Mobility Index here: https://fluctuo.com/reports
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